All patients
adolescents (typically 12-15 years of age) adults (typically between 18 and 65yr) age >= 55 yr age >= 60 yr age >= 65 yr age >= 75 yr alpha variant (B.1.1.7, UK) any cancer autoimmune disease beta variant (B.1.351 / 501Y.V2, South Africa) children corticosteroids: no corticosteroids: yes critical disease delta variant (B.1.617.2, Indian) dialysis patients elderly (typically over 65yr) fully vaccinated gamma variant (P.1, Brazil) haematological cancers healthcare workers immunodepression invasive ventilation kidney transplant recipients no oxygen needed non invasive oxygen obese omicron variant BA.1 (B.1.1.529) omicron variant BA.2 VOC original (Wuhan) strain positive for SARS-Cov-2 at baseline severe disease solid cancer solid organ transplant recipients subjects at risk
potential COVID-19 treatments in COVID 19 all comers - Summary of results Outcome TE 95% CI n k I2 ROB Pub. bias death D28detailed results Gunst JD, 2021 0.99 [0.29; 3.42]
LIFESAVER, 2021 2.00 [0.16; 24.66]
NIH NIAID ACTT-1, 2020 0.73 [0.52; 1.03]
RECOVERY, 2022 0.87 [0.77; 0.98]
Tang X, 2020 0.98 [0.93; 1.02]
University of Minnesota, 2020 1.29 [0.51; 3.26]
0.93 [0.85 ; 1.01 ] Gunst JD, 2021, LIFESAVER, 2021, NIH NIAID ACTT-1, 2020, RECOVERY, 2022, Tang X, 2020, University of Minnesota, 2020 6 21% 9,726 moderate not evaluable death or transfer to ICUdetailed results BACC Bay Tocilizumab Trial, 2020 0.97 [0.50; 1.88]
Gunst JD, 2021 0.55 [0.26; 1.17]
0.75 [0.43 ; 1.31 ] BACC Bay Tocilizumab Trial, 2020, Gunst JD, 2021 2 18% 447 low not evaluable deathsdetailed results BACC Bay Tocilizumab Trial, 2020 1.52 [0.41; 5.62]
Gunst JD, 2021 0.70 [0.20; 2.49]
LIFESAVER, 2021 2.00 [0.16; 24.66]
Lou (FAVIPIRAVIR), 2020 1.12 [0.02; 62.74]
NIH NIAID ACTT-1, 2020 0.55 [0.36; 0.84]
NOR-Solidarity (hydroxychloroquine), 2021 3.10 [0.29; 33.20]
RECOVERY, 2022 0.87 [0.77; 0.98]
Tang X, 2020 0.98 [0.93; 1.02]
University of Minnesota, 2020 0.68 [0.11; 4.16]
0.90 [0.79 ; 1.02 ] BACC Bay Tocilizumab Trial, 2020, Gunst JD, 2021, LIFESAVER, 2021, Lou (FAVIPIRAVIR), 2020, NIH NIAID ACTT-1, 2020, NOR-Solidarity (hydroxychloroquine), 2021, RECOVERY, 2022, Tang X, 2020, University of Minnesota, 2020 9 34% 10,102 moderate not evaluable deaths (time to event analysis only)detailed results Gunst JD, 2021 0.70 [0.20; 2.49]
NIH NIAID ACTT-1, 2020 0.55 [0.36; 0.84]
NOR-Solidarity (hydroxychloroquine), 2021 3.10 [0.29; 33.20]
0.60 [0.39 ; 0.92 ] Gunst JD, 2021, NIH NIAID ACTT-1, 2020, NOR-Solidarity (hydroxychloroquine), 2021 3 3% 1,382 moderate not evaluable clinical deteriorationdetailed results BACC Bay Tocilizumab Trial, 2020 1.11 [0.59; 2.09]
Tang X, 2020 1.00 [0.13; 7.45]
1.10 [0.60 ; 2.01 ] BACC Bay Tocilizumab Trial, 2020, Tang X, 2020 2 0% 328 low not evaluable clinical improvementdetailed results BACC Bay Tocilizumab Trial, 2020 1.06 [0.80; 1.41]
Gunst JD, 2021 1.14 [0.83; 1.57]
Lou (FAVIPIRAVIR), 2020 1.25 [0.21; 7.62]
NIH NIAID ACTT-1, 2020 1.29 [1.12; 1.49]
Tang X, 2020 1.04 [0.67; 1.62]
1.21 [1.08 ; 1.36 ] BACC Bay Tocilizumab Trial, 2020, Gunst JD, 2021, Lou (FAVIPIRAVIR), 2020, NIH NIAID ACTT-1, 2020, Tang X, 2020 5 0% 1,617 moderate not evaluable clinical improvement (14-day)detailed results Lou (FAVIPIRAVIR), 2020 1.25 [0.21; 7.62]
Tang X, 2020 1.33 [0.57; 3.11]
1.31 [0.61 ; 2.83 ] Lou (FAVIPIRAVIR), 2020, Tang X, 2020 2 0% 105 moderate not evaluable clinical improvement (28-day)detailed results NIH NIAID ACTT-1, 2020 1.35 [1.03; 1.76]
1.35 [1.03 ; 1.76 ] NIH NIAID ACTT-1, 2020 1 0% 1,062 NA not evaluable clinical improvement (time to event analysis only)detailed results Gunst JD, 2021 1.14 [0.83; 1.57]
NIH NIAID ACTT-1, 2020 1.29 [1.12; 1.49]
Tang X, 2020 1.04 [0.67; 1.62]
1.24 [1.10 ; 1.41 ] Gunst JD, 2021, NIH NIAID ACTT-1, 2020, Tang X, 2020 3 0% 1,356 moderate not evaluable death or ventilationdetailed results BACC Bay Tocilizumab Trial, 2020 0.83 [0.38; 1.81]
RECOVERY, 2022 0.90 [0.81; 0.99]
0.90 [0.81 ; 0.99 ] BACC Bay Tocilizumab Trial, 2020, RECOVERY, 2022 2 0% 8,147 moderate not evaluable hospital dischargedetailed results University of Minnesota, 2020 0.64 [0.37; 1.11]
0.64 [0.37 ; 1.11 ] University of Minnesota, 2020 1 0% 205 NA not evaluable hospitalizationdetailed results University of Minnesota, 2020 1.63 [0.94; 2.85]
1.63 [0.94 ; 2.85 ] University of Minnesota, 2020 1 0% 205 NA not evaluable mechanical ventilationdetailed results Gunst JD, 2021 2.27 [0.62; 8.26]
RECOVERY, 2022 0.87 [0.74; 1.02]
University of Minnesota, 2020 1.34 [0.66; 2.73]
1.07 [0.69 ; 1.67 ] Gunst JD, 2021, RECOVERY, 2022, University of Minnesota, 2020 3 41% 8,313 moderate not evaluable mechanical ventilation (time to event analysis only)detailed results Gunst JD, 2021 0.69 [0.14; 3.42]
0.69 [0.14 ; 3.42 ] Gunst JD, 2021 1 0% 208 NA not evaluable viral clearance detailed results Lou (FAVIPIRAVIR), 2020 0.18 [0.01; 4.75]
Tang X, 2020 1.78 [1.06; 3.00]
1.03 [0.15 ; 6.91 ] Lou (FAVIPIRAVIR), 2020, Tang X, 2020 2 45% 105 moderate not evaluable viral clearance (time to event analysis only)detailed results Tang X, 2020 1.78 [1.06; 3.00]
1.78 [1.06 ; 3.00 ] Tang X, 2020 1 0% 86 NA not evaluable viral clearance by day 14detailed results Lou (FAVIPIRAVIR), 2020 0.18 [0.01; 4.75]
0.18 [0.01 ; 4.75 ] Lou (FAVIPIRAVIR), 2020 1 0% 19 NA not evaluable ICU admissiondetailed results Gunst JD, 2021 0.80 [0.34; 1.90]
Lou (FAVIPIRAVIR), 2020 5.43 [0.21; 139.89]
Tang X, 2020 1.00 [0.13; 7.45]
0.92 [0.43 ; 1.99 ] Gunst JD, 2021, Lou (FAVIPIRAVIR), 2020, Tang X, 2020 3 0% 310 moderate not evaluable recoverydetailed results Gunst JD, 2021 1.18 [0.87; 1.61]
1.18 [0.87 ; 1.61 ] Gunst JD, 2021 1 0% 208 NA not evaluable serious adverse eventsdetailed results BACC Bay Tocilizumab Trial, 2020 1.21 [0.58; 2.53]
Gunst JD, 2021 1.84 [0.79; 4.30]
NIH NIAID ACTT-1, 2020 0.72 [0.54; 0.96]
1.05 [0.59 ; 1.86 ] BACC Bay Tocilizumab Trial, 2020, Gunst JD, 2021, NIH NIAID ACTT-1, 2020 3 62% 1,510 moderate not evaluable adverse eventsdetailed results Gunst JD, 2021 0.80 [0.43; 1.51]
0.80 [0.43 ; 1.51 ] Gunst JD, 2021 1 0% 205 NA not evaluable deep vein thrombosisdetailed results NIH NIAID ACTT-1, 2020 0.64 [0.23; 1.81]
0.64 [0.23 ; 1.81 ] NIH NIAID ACTT-1, 2020 1 0% 1,063 NA not evaluable elevated liver enzymesdetailed results NIH NIAID ACTT-1, 2020 0.67 [0.38; 1.18]
0.67 [0.38 ; 1.18 ] NIH NIAID ACTT-1, 2020 1 0% 1,063 NA not evaluable hyperbilirubinemiadetailed results NIH NIAID ACTT-1, 2020 0.84 [0.30; 2.34]
0.84 [0.30 ; 2.34 ] NIH NIAID ACTT-1, 2020 1 0% 1,063 NA not evaluable pulmonary embolismdetailed results NIH NIAID ACTT-1, 2020 0.96 [0.19; 4.80]
0.96 [0.19 ; 4.80 ] NIH NIAID ACTT-1, 2020 1 0% 1,063 NA not evaluable renal impairmentdetailed results NIH NIAID ACTT-1, 2020 1.02 [0.64; 1.61]
1.02 [0.64 ; 1.61 ] NIH NIAID ACTT-1, 2020 1 0% 1,063 NA not evaluable 0.0 5.0 1.0 relative treatment effect www.metaEvidence.org 2025-03-09 15:49 +01:00
TE: relative treatment effect (measured by a risk ratio, an odds ratio or an hazard ratio depending on what is reported in the papers);
k: number of studies; n: total number of patients;
ROB: risk of bias (ROB 2.0); Pub. bias: publication bias; OBS: observational studies; RCT: randomized clinical trials
pathologies: 94
- treatments: 290,547,608,830,831,829,901,680,595,828,681,1209,833,629,689,543,617,625,859,511,960,546,564,944,682,1266,943,894,560,1102,598,563,668,753,752,836,639,541,534,581,615,679,522,582,666,1149,1150,737,544,733,597,524,611,538,957,958,521,566,517,881,904,882,897,896,899,1235,898,687,740,883,947,536,591,729,887,742,878,975,570,771,888,1141,690,880,1255,567,596,1437,600,652,557,635,1236,553,628,646,645,607,395,920,1438,927,932,931,1263,599,614,942,1436,928,923,535,1046,727,818,606,954,964,962,963,1045,638,677,627,533,526,616,926,1246,726,580,568,527,588,539,585,691,1210,525,843,827,1047,1048,819,545,1253,519,619,537,514,688,529,508,656,657,832,530,512,515,754,1142,1419,513,884,632,559,889,956,684,886,631,574,509,542,1145,555,554,941,961,1250,633,676,518,532,510,528,520,955,815,893,623,622,630,593,569,516,814,649,650,589,651,968,1245,610,751,747,695,548,970,594,565,879,1257,571,626,697,572,1234,586,573,540,592,930,949,838,698,934,735,929,948,946,945,587,655,1146,531,933,613,919,725,678,921,621,959,748,1348,1256,924,1243,925,658,699,612,552,590,891,605,892,722,618,609,551,834,763,922,935,620,1317,1265,824,766,857,1291,1088,1331,1330,1329,1344,1328,1327,979,822,762,805,950,757,761,806,758,826,755,821,1288,1287,1286,760,1284,802,765,1285,759,823,804,1264,764,858,835,1262,1290,1316,1341,1342,1343,825,803,1244,523,885,734,1439
- roots T: 290
