patient subgroup...
corticosteroids: no corticosteroids: yes critical disease severe disease
Top evidence (RCT only, high risk of bias excluded)
Best available evidence (possibly low or very low)
All RCTs
All studies (RCT+OBS)
Immunosuppressants drugs - versus control - for COVID 19 hospitalized
pdf
xlsx
method
abbreviations
Outcome
Relative effect 95%CI
LoD
Trt. better when
I2
k (RCT/OBS)
Bayesian probability
Overall ROB
Publication bias
Degree of certainty
Endpoint importance
Published MA
efficacy endpoints 00 death D28 0.76 [0.67, 0.87]< 1 7% 26 studies (26/-) 100.0 % some concern critical moderate crucial - death or transfer to ICU 0.66 [0.32, 1.37]< 1 76% 3 studies (1/2) 87.0 % low not evaluable high crucial - deaths 0.71 [0.64, 0.78]< 1 25% 57 studies (41/16) 100.0 % moderate critical moderate crucial - deaths (time to event analysis only) 0.71 [0.57, 0.88]< 1 46% 11 studies (7/4) 99.9 % moderate low moderate crucial - clinical deterioration 0.71 [0.52, 0.98]< 1 61% 10 studies (10/-) 98.2 % some concern critical moderate important - clinical improvement 1.24 [1.13, 1.37]> 1 18% 13 studies (13/-) 100.0 % low critical high important - clinical improvement (14-day) 1.38 [1.17, 1.62]> 1 14% 4 studies (4/-) 100.0 % low not evaluable high important - clinical improvement (28-day) 1.33 [0.95, 1.87]> 1 0% 4 studies (4/-) 95.3 % some concern not evaluable moderate important - clinical improvement (time to event analysis only) 1.14 [1.03, 1.27]> 1 0% 4 studies (4/-) 99.4 % low not evaluable high important - death or ventilation 0.83 [0.77, 0.91]< 1 18% 13 studies (13/-) 100.0 % some concern low moderate important - hospital discharge 2.63 [0.99, 7.00]> 1 97% 3 studies (2/1) 97.3 % serious not evaluable low important - mechanical ventilation 0.79 [0.65, 0.96]< 1 14% 10 studies (10/-) 99.0 % some concern low moderate important - ICU admission 0.47 [0.21, 1.07]< 1 78% 8 studies (4/4) 96.4 % moderate not evaluable moderate non important - recovery 1.30 [0.64, 2.66]> 1 9% 2 studies (2/-) 76.5 % low not evaluable high non important - safety endpoints 00 related AE (TRAE) 1.26 [0.14, 11.07]< 1 0% 2 studies (2/-) 41.9 % some concern not evaluable moderate important - serious adverse events 0.94 [0.78, 1.13]< 1 0% 10 studies (10/-) 74.7 % some concern critical moderate important - superinfection 1.26 [0.20, 7.90]< 1 95% 2 studies (1/1) 40.4 % moderate not evaluable moderate important - acute kidney injury 0.43 [0.14, 1.34]< 1 0% 1 study (-/1) 92.7 % NA not evaluable non important - adverse events 1.32 [0.92, 1.91]< 1 57% 9 studies (9/-) 6.7 % some concern not evaluable moderate non important - arrhythmia 0.16 [0.03, 0.90]< 1 0% 1 study (-/1) 98.1 % NA not evaluable non important - elevated liver enzymes 0.52 [0.18, 1.51]< 1 0% 1 study (-/1) 88.5 % NA not evaluable non important - Myocardial infarction 0.87 [0.19, 3.92]< 1 0% 1 study (-/1) 57.2 % NA not evaluable non important - venous thromboembolism 5.23 [0.42, 65.62]< 1 0% 1 study (-/1) 10.2 % NA not evaluable non important -
LoD: level of statistical demonstration: Statistically conclusive: statistically significant with a strict control of overall risk of type 1 error (statistically demonstrated), does not take into account the risk of bias;
suggested: nominally statistically significant but without a strict control of overall risk of type 1 error;
inconclusive: not nominally statistically significant;
safety concerns;
Bayesian probability: Bayesian posterior probability of treatment effect (computed with a noninformative prior); ROB: risk of bias; k: number of studies;
published MA: number of published meta-analysis on the same topic; degree of certainty adapted from GRADE.
Trt. better when: indicates when the relative treatment effect shows that the studied treatment is better than control.