patient subgroup...
corticosteroids: no corticosteroids: yes critical disease severe disease
Top evidence (RCT only, high risk of bias excluded)
Best available evidence (possibly low or very low)
All RCTs
All studies (RCT+OBS)
Immunosuppressants drugs - versus potential COVID-19 treatments - for COVID 19 hospitalized
pdf
xlsx
method
abbreviations
Outcome
Relative effect 95%CI
LoD
Trt. better when
I2
k (RCT/OBS)
Bayesian probability
Overall ROB
Publication bias
Degree of certainty
Endpoint importance
Published MA
efficacy endpoints 00 death D28 0.76 [0.66, 0.88]< 1 13% 24 studies (24/-) 100.0 % some concern critical moderate crucial - death or transfer to ICU 0.97 [0.50, 1.88]< 1 0% 1 study (1/-) 53.6 % NA not evaluable crucial - deaths 0.81 [0.75, 0.88]< 1 4% 35 studies (35/-) 100.0 % some concern critical moderate crucial - deaths (time to event analysis only) 0.76 [0.60, 0.95]< 1 34% 7 studies (7/-) 99.1 % some concern not evaluable moderate crucial - clinical deterioration 0.70 [0.51, 0.96]< 1 59% 11 studies (11/-) 98.7 % some concern low moderate important - clinical improvement 1.22 [1.12, 1.34]> 1 7% 13 studies (13/-) 100.0 % low critical high important - clinical improvement (14-day) 1.32 [1.14, 1.53]> 1 0% 4 studies (4/-) 100.0 % low not evaluable high important - clinical improvement (21-day) 1.50 [0.22, 10.08]> 1 0% 1 study (1/-) 66.1 % NA not evaluable important - clinical improvement (28-day) 1.33 [0.95, 1.87]> 1 0% 4 studies (4/-) 95.3 % some concern not evaluable moderate important - clinical improvement (7-day) 2.38 [0.38, 14.70]> 1 0% 1 study (1/-) 82.3 % NA not evaluable important - clinical improvement (time to event analysis only) 1.15 [1.04, 1.27]> 1 0% 5 studies (5/-) 99.6 % low not evaluable high important - death or ventilation 0.83 [0.77, 0.91]< 1 18% 13 studies (13/-) 100.0 % some concern low moderate important - hospital discharge 1.03 [0.88, 1.19]> 1 0% 3 studies (3/-) 63.0 % some concern not evaluable moderate important - mechanical ventilation 0.82 [0.72, 0.93]< 1 0% 10 studies (10/-) 99.9 % some concern low moderate important - radiologic improvement (14-day) 5.54 [1.01, 30.50]> 1 0% 1 study (1/-) 97.5 % NA not evaluable important - ICU admission 0.85 [0.49, 1.49]< 1 57% 3 studies (3/-) 71.2 % some concern not evaluable moderate non important - recovery 1.30 [0.64, 2.66]> 1 9% 2 studies (2/-) 76.5 % low not evaluable high non important - safety endpoints 00 related AE (TRAE) 1.26 [0.14, 11.07]< 1 0% 2 studies (2/-) 41.9 % some concern not evaluable moderate important - serious adverse events 0.93 [0.77, 1.12]< 1 0% 11 studies (11/-) 77.4 % some concern low moderate important - superinfection 0.50 [0.32, 0.79]< 1 0% 1 study (1/-) 99.8 % NA not evaluable important - adverse events 1.33 [0.94, 1.88]< 1 52% 10 studies (10/-) 5.2 % some concern low moderate non important -
LoD: level of statistical demonstration: Statistically conclusive: statistically significant with a strict control of overall risk of type 1 error (statistically demonstrated), does not take into account the risk of bias;
suggested: nominally statistically significant but without a strict control of overall risk of type 1 error;
inconclusive: not nominally statistically significant;
safety concerns;
Bayesian probability: Bayesian posterior probability of treatment effect (computed with a noninformative prior); ROB: risk of bias; k: number of studies;
published MA: number of published meta-analysis on the same topic; degree of certainty adapted from GRADE.
Trt. better when: indicates when the relative treatment effect shows that the studied treatment is better than control.